The Sikkim University Act, 2006, enacted by the Parliament of India on January 10, 2007, marked the establishment of Sikkim University as a central university in the state of Sikkim. This legislative move was part of the broader initiative to expand higher education infrastructure in India, particularly in the northeastern regions, to promote academic excellence and regional development. The university was envisioned as a teaching and affiliating institution, aimed at catering to the educational needs of Sikkim while fostering innovation and interdisciplinary research. The Act came into force on July 2, 2007, following a notification by the Central Government, and the university's headquarters were established in Gangtok.
The primary objectives of Sikkim University, as outlined in Section 4 of the Act, include the dissemination and advancement of knowledge through instructional and research facilities. The university is tasked with offering integrated courses in humanities, natural and physical sciences, social sciences, forestry, and allied disciplines. It emphasizes innovations in teaching, interdisciplinary studies, and the development of manpower to contribute to the socio-economic welfare of Sikkim's people.
The university is endowed with extensive powers under Section 5, which include granting degrees, diplomas, and other academic distinctions; organizing extramural studies and distance education; establishing colleges and institutions; and collaborating with other universities and organizations. It also has the authority to admit or withdraw privileges from affiliated colleges and institutions, ensuring adherence to academic standards.

The Sikkim University Act, 2006, laid the foundation for a central university that aligns with national educational goals while addressing regional needs. By promoting interdisciplinary studies, research, and collaboration, the university aims to contribute to the intellectual and cultural development of Sikkim. Its governance model ensures accountability, transparency, and adherence to high academic standards, making it a pivotal institution in India's higher education landscape.