1. Heading of the Judgment

Case Name: Mohammad Afzal Mohammad Sharif vs. The State of Maharashtra & Ors
Citation: 2025 INSC 1100
Court: Supreme Court of India
Criminal Appeal No.: Criminal Appeal No. of 2025 (@ SLP (Crl.) No. 8494 of 2025)
Judges: Justice Sanjay Kumar and Justice Satish Chandra Sharma
Date of Judgment: September 11, 2025

2. Related Laws and Legal Sections

The judgment primarily interprets and reinforces the mandatory nature of the following legal provisions:

• Section 154 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (CrPC): This is the central provision governing the registration of a First Information Report (FIR). The Court emphasized that it is mandatory for the police to register an FIR upon receiving information about the commission of a cognizable offence.

• Constitution of India, Article 226: The High Court's power to issue writs was discussed, with the Supreme Court clarifying that this power can and should be exercised to remedy a patent injustice and failure of the state machinery, even at a "belated stage".

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