Case Synopsis

Case: The State (NCT) of Delhi vs Khimji Bhai Jadeja, (2026) INSC 25.

Synopsis : This judgment authoritatively settles that in multi-victim financial frauds driven by a single conspiracy, the police may legitimately register one FIR and club subsequent complaints. The "same transaction" doctrine under Section 220(1) CrPC permits a consolidated trial, prioritizing judicial efficiency and the coherent prosecution of the overarching conspiracy over treating each victim's case in isolation.

1. Heading of the Judgment

Case Name: The State (NCT) of Delhi vs Khimji Bhai Jadeja
Citation: 2026 INSC 25 (Criminal Appeal No. of 2026 @ SLP(Crl.) No. 9198 of 2019)
Court: Supreme Court of India
Bench: Hon'ble Mr. Justice Sanjay Kumar and Hon'ble Mr. Justice Alok Aradhe
Date of Judgment: January 06, 2026

2. Related Laws and Sections

The judgment interprets and applies key procedural provisions of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (CrPC) and substantive penal law concerning conspiracy:

• Sections 218 to 223 CrPC: These provisions govern the joinder of charges and trials. Specifically:
  Section 218: General rule requiring a separate charge and trial for every distinct offence.
  Section 219: Exception allowing joinder of up to three offences of the same kind committed within a year.
  Section 220(1): Exception allowing a single trial for multiple offences if they form part of the "same transaction".
  Section 223(a) & (d): Allow persons

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