1. Heading of the Judgment

Union of India & Ors. vs. Sajib Roy
Citation: 2025 INSC 1084
Court: Supreme Court of India
Bench: Hon'ble Mr. Justice Surya Kant and Hon'ble Mr. Justice Joymalya Bagchi
Date of Judgment: September 09, 2025

2. Related Laws, Rules, and Office Memoranda

The judgment primarily interprets and applies the following administrative instrument:

• Office Memorandum (O.M.) No. 36011/1/98-Estt. (Res) dated 01.07.1998: Issued by the Department of Personnel and Training (DoPT), this is the central document in the case. It clarifies that:
  SC/ST/OBC candidates selected on the same standard as general candidates are not to be adjusted against reserved vacancies.
  However, if a relaxed standard is applied in selecting them (e.g., in age limit, experience, qualification, permitted number of chances in written examination, extended zone of consideration), such candidates must be counted against reserved vacancies.
  Crucially, it states: "Such candi

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